| Workshop Calculation and Science

Work

Unit	Equivalent
Kilogram-force metre	1 kgf·m = 9.80665 J
Metre (in kgf system)	1 kgf·m = 9.80665 Ws
Joule	1 J = 1 N·m
Watt-second	1 Ws = 1 J = 0.102 kgf·m
Kilowatt-hour	1 kWh = 3.6 × 10⁶ J = 859.85 kcal

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Fundamental Units of F.P.S, C.G.S, M.K.S and S.I

S.No.	Basic Quantity	F.P.S		C.G.S		M.K.S		S.I Units
S.No.	Basic Quantity	Unit	Symbol	Unit	Symbol	Unit	Symbol	Unit	Symbol
1

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Workshop Calculation & Science - Fitter

Unit, Fractions - Classification of Unit

Necessity

All physical quantities are to be measured in terms of standard quantities.

Unit

A unit is defined as a standard or fixed quantity of one kind used to measure other quantities of the same kind.

Classification

Fundamental units and derived units are the two classifications.

Fundamental Units

Units of basic quantities of length, mass and time.

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Necessity
All physical quantities are to be measured in terms of standard quantities.

Unit
A unit is defined as a standard or fixed quantity of one kind
used to measure other quantities of the same kind.

Classification
Fundamental units and derived units are the two classifications.

Fundamental units
Units of basic quantities of length, mass and time.

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F.P.S system is the British system in which the basic units of length, mass and time are foot, pound and second respectively.
C.G.S system is the metric system in which the basic units of length, mass and time are centimeter, gram and seconds respectively.
M.K.S system is another metric system in which the basic units of length, mass and time are metre, kilogram and second respectively
S.I. units are referred to as Systems International units which is again of metric and the basic units, their names and symbols are as follows.

Read more about Fundamental and Derived Units F.P.S, C.G.S, M.K.S and SI Units
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Read more about Workshop Calculation & Science-2nd year ( Common for all Engineering trades under CTS )

Workshop Calculation & Science-2nd year ( Common for all Engineering trades under CTS )

Electrical Quantities

Symbol	Quantity	Unit Symbol	Unit Name	Expression
V	Electric Potential	V	Volt	V = W/A
E	Electromotive Force (EMF)	V	Volt	V = W/A
I	Electric Current

Force

In C.G.S System:
Force (Dyne) = Mass (g) × Acceleration (cm/s²)

In F.P.S System:
Force (Poundal) = Mass (lb) × Acceleration (ft/s²)

In M.K.S System:
Force (Newton) = Mass (kg) × Acceleration (m/s²)

Unit	Equivalent
1 Dyne	1 g × 1 cm/s²
1 Poundal	1 lb × 1 ft/s²

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Lowest Common Multiple (L.C.M)

Definition

The Lowest Common Multiple (LCM) of a group of numbers is the smallest number that is exactly divisible by all the given numbers.

Prime Factorization Method

Example 1: Find LCM of 20, 66, 128

20 = 2 × 2 × 5
66 = 2 × 3 × 11
128 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2

Take highest powers of all prime factors:

LCM = 2⁷ × 3 × 5 × 11 = 42240

Example 2: Find HCF of 78, 128, 196

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Units of Volume and Capacity

Unit	Equivalent
Cubic millimetre	1 mm³
Cubic centimetre	1 cm³ = 1000 mm³
Cubic decimetre	1 dm³ = 1000 cm³
Cubic metre	1 m³ = 1000 dm³
Litre	1 L = 1 dm³
Hectolitre

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Work

Work

Fundamental Units of F.P.S, C.G.S, M.K.S and S.I

Fundamental Units of F.P.S, C.G.S, M.K.S and S.I

Unit, Fractions - Classification of Unit

Workshop Calculation & Science - Fitter

Unit, Fractions - Classification of Unit

Necessity

Unit

Classification

Fundamental Units

Classification of Unit System

Fundamental and Derived Units F.P.S, C.G.S, M.K.S and SI Units

Workshop Calculation & Science-2nd year ( Common for all Engineering trades under CTS )

Electrical Quantities

Electrical Quantities

Force

Force

Lowest Common Multiple (L.C.M)

Lowest Common Multiple (L.C.M)

Definition

Prime Factorization Method

Units of Volume and Capacity

Units of Volume and Capacity

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